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Reflections on the predictive approach to AI safety
2024. What factors make it hard to predict the behaviour of a system and what are the implications for AI safety?
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The Causal Imperative
2024. In this essay, I investigate whether the mind needs causal representations. I make the case that not all causal models are equal, but that basic causal models are central to an organism’s ability to survive.
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The Mirror of the Machine
2023. What might systems like ChatGPT do to our views of the meaning and value of creativity?
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The Watermill and the Steam Engine: A Comparative History of Technology
2021. When and why did two of the most monumental inventions in world history take place?
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The Emergence of Privacy Rights in China
2020. What factors have shaped the evolution of privacy in China? When and why did formal privacy rights emerge in modern China?
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The Resource Curse: An Old Wives’ Tale?
Are petroleum riches a curse? Is a country finding itself in possession of abundant oil and gas like the proverbial lottery winner—destined for unhappiness?
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Nationalism and Resentment
What is the relationship between nationalism and resentment? Is belittlement the spark of national self-aggrandizement?






